A new COVID-19 variant known as BA.3.2, nicknamed “Cicada,” is raising fresh concerns among health experts as it continues to spread across the United States. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, this highly mutated strain has already been detected in at least 25 states, making it an important development in the ongoing evolution of the COVID-19 pandemic.
The BA.3.2 variant is gaining attention because of its unusual number of mutations. Scientists say it carries around 70 to 75 changes in its spike protein the part of the virus that helps it enter human cells. These mutations may allow the virus to partially escape immunity from vaccines or previous infections. This means people who were once protected could still be at risk, although current data suggests overall COVID-19 cases remain low for now.
Health authorities, including the World Health Organization, are closely monitoring this variant. In December 2025, BA.3.2 was officially classified as a “variant under monitoring,” highlighting its potential impact. The strain was first identified in South Africa in November 2024 and has slowly spread worldwide, gaining momentum in recent months.
Experts explain that viruses like SARS-CoV-2 constantly mutate as they spread. While many variants appear and disappear quickly, BA.3.2 stands out due to its genetic differences. It is a descendant of earlier Omicron subvariants and has since evolved into sub-lineages such as BA.3.2.1 and BA.3.2.2.
Interestingly, laboratory studies show that while BA.3.2 may evade antibodies more effectively, some of its mutations could reduce how strongly it binds to human cells. This creates a complex situation where the virus may escape immune detection but might not spread as efficiently as expected.
The nickname “Cicada” was given by evolutionary biologist T. Ryan Gregory, known for naming previous variants. The label reflects how the variant stayed under the radar before emerging more prominently.
As global health experts continue to study BA.3.2, the public is advised to stay informed and follow basic safety measures. Although there is no immediate cause for panic, monitoring new variants remains crucial in managing the future of the pandemic.